The demand for IPR services - to use or not to use a professional representative

We analysed the use of professional representative services and related outcomes in patent, utility model, design right trademark filings. found that: 1) there is a positive association between likelihood grant or registration; 2) demand for intellectual property rights (IPR) heterogeneous IPR types: applicants are most likely to hire representatives (IPR agents attorneys) patents, followed by models, trademarks; 3) individual less compared firm applicants.